The effects of stock size and environmental variability on Cape hake recruitment in Namibia: an unsolved puzzle (a comment on Kainge et al. 2013)     

J-P Roux  MR Wilhelm 《African Journal of Marine Science》2015,37(3):431-433

Measuring and forecasting recruitment are central to the understanding and management of fish stocks. Kainge et al. (2013) studied the effect of spawning stock size and environmental fluctuations on the recruitment levels of the Cape hake Merluccius capensis in Namibia. However, their study contains some flaws that undermine the conclusion that Cape hake recruitment is under the influence of upwelling in summer. Until those flaws are properly addressed, this conclusion, in our view, should be treated with caution.  相似文献   

Effects of Crop Growth and Development on Land Surface Fluxes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

CHEN Feng  XIE Zhenghui 《大气科学进展》2011,28(4):927-944

In this study, the Crop Estimation through Resource and Environment Synthesis model (CERES3.0) was coupled into the Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme (BATS), which is called BATS CERES, to represent interactions between the land surface and crop growth processes. The effects of crop growth and development on land surface processes were then studied based on numerical simulations using the land surface models. Six sensitivity experiments by BATS show that the land surface fluxes underwent substantial changes when the leaf area index was changed from 0 to 6 m2 m-2. Numerical experiments for Yucheng and Taoyuan stations reveal that the coupled model could capture not only the responses of crop growth and development to environmental conditions, but also the feedbacks to land surface processes. For quantitative evaluation of the effects of crop growth and development on surface fluxes in China, two numerical experiments were conducted over continental China: one by BATS CERES and one by the original BATS. Comparison of the two runs shows decreases of leaf area index and fractional vegetation cover when incorporating dynamic crops in land surface simulation, which lead to less canopy interception, vegetation transpiration, total evapotranspiration, top soil moisture, and more soil evaporation, surface runoff, and root zone soil moisture. These changes are accompanied by decreasing latent heat flux and increasing sensible heat flux in the cropland region. In addition, the comparison between the simulations and observations proved that incorporating the crop growth and development process into the land surface model could reduce the systematic biases of the simulated leaf area index and top soil moisture, hence improve the simulation of land surface fluxes.  相似文献   

Estimated reproductive success of brooders and heritability of growth traits for large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) using microsatellites     

���͵�  �����  ��־��  ������  Ҧ���  ���쿭 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(5):990-995

We estimated the reproductive success of adult brood fish and the heritability of growth-related traits for large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). We created two independent full-factorial cross groups (1 and 2) by crossing 4 males×4 females and 4 males×3 females, respectively. We measured the body weight (BW), body length (BL), and body height (BH) of 281 individuals from group 1 and 318 individuals from group 2 at 20 months post hatch (harvest age). We also collected a tissue sample from each individual. The parents and offspring were genotyped using six polymorphic microsatellites. Of the 599 offspring, 99.2% were assigned to a single pair of parents. In both groups, some parent pairs produced a large number of offsprings while other pairs did not produce any offspring. The genetic diversity and putative Ne were lower in the offsprings than in the parents in both groups. The heritability estimates at 20-month age were 0.13±0.10 for BW, 0.19±0.13 for BL, and 0.09±0.06 for BH. The genetic and phenotype correlation between BW, BL, and BH was close to 1. The results provide basic information for selective breeding and further genetic characterization of large yellow croaker.  相似文献   

Effects of Different Dietary Lipid Contents on Growth and Lipase Activity ofEriocheir sinensis Larvae     

ZHENG Debin  PAN Luqing  FANG Bo 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,(1):55-60

  相似文献   

氮、磷、硅对条纹小环藻生长和叶绿素a含量的影响     

曾艳艺  黄翔鹄 《广东海洋大学学报》2011,(4)

采用单因子实验方法研究氮、磷和硅营养盐对条纹小环藻(Cyclotella striata)生长和叶绿素a含量的影响。结果表明:在不同磷和硅营养盐浓度下,条纹小环藻比生长率μ变化显著(P<0.05),其中,硝酸盐为0.60~0.85 d-1,硅酸盐为0.49~0.61 d-1,磷酸盐为0.46~0.51 d-1。总体而言,在一定的营养盐浓度范围内,条纹小环藻的最大藻细胞密度Nmax随着氮、磷和硅营养盐浓度的增加而增大;条纹小环藻叶绿素a(Chl a)含量亦随着氮、硅浓度的增加,与Nmax增加趋势一致,但随着磷浓度的增加Chl a先增加后减小,与Nmax不一致。条纹小环藻的主要限制营养元素是氮和硅,而磷可能不会成为其短期培养的限制因子。  相似文献   

基于主体功能区视角的县域规划创新研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马随随  朱传耿  仇方道 《世界地理研究》2011,(3):73-81

县域是我国主体功能区划分和规划落实的基本空间单元。主体功能区理念促进了县域规划思路的转型、创新,实现了县域规划由经济导向型、上级指令型、政府主导型、部门分割型和社会经济发展管治型向多目标综合协调型、刚性与弹性兼容并蓄型、双向互动互求协商型、主体功能定位导向型和空间协调管治型的转变。进而依据主体功能定位不同,从空间模式、产业导向、城镇体系、基础设施、生态支撑和规划考核等方面重构了县域规划内容体系,并以新沂市为例对限制型开发县域规划相关理论进行了进一步论证,最后依据主体功能区的分类特征有针对性地提出了实施县域规划的保障措施。  相似文献   

中国经济增长与制度变迁的空间面板数据分析     

季民河  武占云  苏海龙  姜磊 《地域研究与开发》2011,30(6):1-5

以North的体制经济学为理论依据,将新古典经济学的Solow增长模型扩展为一个包含制度变量的计量经济学模型,并结合空间面板数据分析方法,使用1997—2005年中国省区的社会经济数据实证检验了经济制度环境对经济增长的影响。研究结果表明:该时期的制度变迁对中国的经济增长具有显著贡献力,证实了North的制度经济学理论假设。此外,空间面板数据的分析方法深入地揭示了省域经济活动之间存在的空间自相关性,即地区之间通过技术扩散、要素转移以及社会文化交流等在地理空间上发生相互影响。  相似文献   

基于投入产出模型的旅游消费对经济增长的动态影响研究     

周文丽 《地域研究与开发》2011,30(3):79-83,88

基于投入产出模型,利用中国《2002年部门投入产出表》,定量测度了1997—2007年间我国城乡居民国内旅游消费对国民经济及各部门产出增长的贡献率及其变化,并提出相应的建议。研究结论:(1)城镇居民国内旅游消费对经济增长的贡献在上升,农村居民的贡献在下降,总体国内旅游消费对经济增长的贡献在下降。(2)城乡居民国内旅游消费对各产业产出增长贡献从大到小依次为:旅游业、住宿和餐饮业、交通仓储和邮政业、金融保险业、其他服务业、房地产业和批发零售业。(3)我国旅游业发展八分靠国内旅游,二分靠国际旅游;国内旅游消费结构中,非基本消费比重较小,亟待提高。  相似文献   

不同气温与土壤湿度条件下籽蒿幼苗的表型可塑性   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

郭立冬  何兴东 《中国沙漠》2011,30(4):987-991

  植物表型可塑性是其适应环境的结果。为了探讨构件水平和全株水平表型可塑性的差异,我们选择籽蒿进行了双因素(气温:35 ℃、30 ℃、20 ℃; 土壤水分:对照、轻度、中度、重度胁迫)随机化区组实验以分析不同环境条件下植物的表型可塑性。结果表明,气温对籽蒿株高生长率有显著影响,土壤水分胁迫对籽蒿株高生长率无显著影响; 气温和土壤水分胁迫对籽蒿地上部生物量和根重生长率均无显著影响; 土壤水分胁迫对籽蒿幼苗根冠比有显著影响,而气温对其则无显著影响。这说明气温和土壤水分胁迫对籽蒿幼苗构件表型可塑性和全株表型可塑性的影响是有差异的。进一步分析表明,气温对籽蒿幼苗的叶含水量有显著影响,而对籽蒿幼苗的叶饱和亏无显著影响,这说明气温对籽蒿幼苗株高生长率的影响是通过影响其叶含水量来实现。  相似文献   

Monitoring land changes in an urban area using satellite imagery,GIS and landscape metrics     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2015

Monitoring land changes is an important activity in landscape planning and resource management. In this study, we analyze urban land changes in Atlanta metropolitan area through the combined use of satellite imagery, geographic information systems (GIS), and landscape metrics. The study site is a fast-growing large metropolis in the United States, which contains a mosaic of complex landscape types. Our method consisted of two major components: remote sensing-based land classification and GIS-based land change analysis. Specifically, we adopted a stratified image classification strategy combined with a GIS-based spatial reclassification procedure to map land classes from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) scenes acquired in two different years. Then, we analyzed the spatial variation and expansion of urban land changes across the entire metropolitan area through post classification change detection and a variety of GIS-based operations. We further examined the size, pattern, and nature of land changes using landscape metrics to examine the size, pattern, and nature of land changes. This study has demonstrated the usefulness of integrating remote sensing with GIS and landscape metrics in land change analysis that allows the characterization of spatial patterns and helps reveal the underlying processes of urban land changes. Our results indicate a transition of urbanization patterns in the study site with a limited outward expansion despite the dominant suburbanization process.  相似文献